Shoulder Complaints
It’s very likely that you or someone you know has experienced shoulder complaints. Phrases like “I have bursitis” or “tendonitis” are frequently heard — and that’s no surprise, considering that shoulder pain affects approximately 31% of the population.
Most symptoms occur in the area beneath the acromion, where the shoulder tendons and bursae are located. These issues can make everyday activities like driving, dressing, or reaching overhead difficult.
You may also be recovering from shoulder surgery. Postoperative shoulder pain and stiffness are common, especially during the first few weeks — often due to prolonged immobilization in a sling.
Shoulder Anatomy in Brief
The upper arm (humerus), shoulder blade (scapula), and collarbone (clavicle) together form the shoulder complex. The glenoid cavity, a shallow socket in the scapula, enables a wide range of motion.
Like the hip joint, the shoulder socket is surrounded by a cartilaginous rim called the labrum, which improves joint congruency and adds stability. The joint capsule — a thin connective tissue layer — encloses the shoulder joint.
Together with the four deep rotator cuff muscles, the capsule plays a crucial role in stabilizing the shoulder and preventing dislocations.
